This Executive Summary of By the Rules: Comparative Study on the Legal Framework of Torture in Turkey and Israel aims to present an analysis of the practice of torture and other forms of ill treatment in Turkey and in Israel. Analysis of both the similarities and differences between the two countries facilitated our understanding of the common tools required for the fight against torture. The study resulted from a shared project, and our hope is that it will be of help to those engaged in the fight against impunity.